動名詞

動名詞跟現在分詞看起來完全一樣，但如果去理解兩者之間的差別，會很有幫助。動名詞雖然看起來像動詞，但作用上跟名詞是一樣的。動名詞的一些用法都會在本頁上說明，您也可以參考另一頁：接動名詞的動詞。

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用作主詞的動名詞

例句

Eating people is wrong.
Hunting tigers is dangerous.
Flying makes me nervous.
Brushing your teeth is important.
Smoking causes lung cancer.

動名詞用作 Be 動詞的補語

舉例

One of his duties is attending meetings.
The hardest thing about learning English is understanding the gerund.
One of life's pleasures is having breakfast in bed.

動名詞接在介系詞後

當動詞接在介系詞後，就必須用動名詞。對於某些以介系詞結尾的片語也是如此，例如 in spite of 和 there's no point in 之類的片語。

舉例

Can you sneeze without opening your mouth?
She is good at painting.
She avoided him by walking on the opposite side of the road.
We arrived in Madrid after driving all night.
My father decided against postponing his trip to Hungary.
There's no point in waiting.
In spite of missing the train, we arrived on time.

動名詞用在片語動詞後

片語動詞是由一個動詞 + 介系詞或副詞組成。

舉例

When will you give up smoking?
She always puts off going to the dentist.
He kept on asking for money.
Jim ended up buying a new TV after his old one broke.

有些動詞片語會包含介系詞 to，例如 to look forward to、to take to、to be accustomed to、to get around to 和 to be used to。在這些情況下，務必要分辨「to」是介系詞還是不定詞，因為這會決定後面是否要接動名詞。您可以先查查看 to 是介系詞還是不定詞的一部分。如果可以把代名詞 it 放在 to 後，可以構成有意義的句子，那麼 to 這個字就是介系詞，而且後面必須接動名詞。